Últimos artículos

• Land, water and energy: The crossing of governance. Journal of Arid Environments, 187, 104403.

  San Juan Mesonada, C. & Armario Benítez, J. I. (2021).

  Publicado el 5 May 2021
  The paper focusses on the impact on dryland ecosystems of conflicting governance in the regulations of land use, water for irrigation and electric energy from photovoltaic installations (PV). The research uses the empirical results of a panel data model based on long time series that enable sensitivity of the main crops to energy cost and the viability of the solar panel system connected to the grid to be identified. We present evidence of the private and social benefits of investments in PV to improve the gross margin of farmers and decrease the carbon footprint of the irrigated areas. Relevant regional disparities in the sensitivity of the main crops explain the regional competition for low-cost water resources and the social conflicts associated with water governance. The Feed-In Tariff system for a PV system is evaluated as a tool to reach clean energy targets and preserve the populations working and living in irrigated drylands. An evaluation of the water desalination plants based on PV is analysed as an alternative to balance the hydric resources of intensive irrigated systems. The main conclusion is that coordinated regulation in energy and water policies may improve farmers’ profitability and accelerate the speed in reaching environmental targets in drylands.
  
  

• Towards a Positive Euro Area Fiscal Stance. Supporting public investments that increase economic growth

  by EPSC Strategic Notes*. Issue 20 23 November 2016

  Publicado el 26 April 2021
  Reducing unemployment, strengthening the euro area’s growth prospects and ensuring the future resilience of the European economy require better tailored fiscal tools at euro area level. Today, the limits of the EU’s fiscal framework mean that the euro area has had to rely excessively on the monetary policy of the European Central Bank (ECB) to ensure macroeconomic stability. As these monetary policy tools are increasingly stretched, calls for a more balanced policy mix that includes more supportive fiscal policies have been voiced by the EU – including by Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker in his 2016 State of the Union ‘Letter of Intent’1 and by ECB President Mario Draghi – as well as by a very broad set of stakeholders, from international organisations to academics. Against this backdrop, the Commission presented on 16 November a Communication ‘Towards a Positive Fiscal Stance for the Euro Area’, confirming its intention to promote a more supportive fiscal policy in the euro area. Given the challenges that lie ahead and the current economic juncture, there is a strong case for increasing public investments in areas that increase the resilience of the European economy. In short, there is both a need and a unique window of opportunity for the EU to take action on the fiscal front at this precise point in time. This increased fiscal responsibility must be implemented in combination with supportive structural reforms and investments, making sure the elements of the ‘virtuous triangle’ are mutually reinforcing
  
  

• Problem Set 1: Tariffs and Quotas

  Publicado el 26 April 2021
  Updated on 24 april 2021
  
  

• Lesson 4: Theory of Economic Integration

  Publicado el 26 April 2021
  Regional Economic Associations between developed countries